Dados do Trabalho

Título

PANORAMA BRASILEIRO DA MORTALIDADE POR CANCER DE MAMA EM VIGENCIA DO RASTREIO MAMOGRAFICO – UM RECORTE TEMPORAL

Título em Inglês

BRAZILIAN OUTLOOK OF BREAST CANCER MORTALITY IN VALIDITY OF MAMMOGRAPHIC SCREENING - A TIME REVIEW

Introdução

Breast Cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence in the female population at national and worldwide levels, except for non-melanoma skin cancer. It is also the main cause of cancer death in women, representing an important public health problem. This scenario justifies the implementation of strategies that aim to reduce mortality and morbidity rates in its target population. Based on this demand, the document “Breast Cancer Control - Consensus Document” was prepared in 2004 by the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health, with an improvement in 2015 through the “Guidelines for Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Brazil”.

Objetivos

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the outlook of breast cancer mortality in women in Brazil between the years 2009 and 2018, considering the mammographic screening implementation.

Métodos

A retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was carried out using the last 10 years of Brazilian data available on INCA’s Online Mortality Atlas (from 2009 to 2018). In addition, documents released by INCA and Ministry of Health that contemplates the Breast Cancer issues in women and mammographic screening were selected, as they reflect the reality of the country. The age group primarily observed was between 50 and 69 years old, which correspond to that indicated for mammographic screening in the current legislation.

Resultados

Deaths due to Breast Cancer rose from 11968 to 17572 between 2009 and 2018, which represents an increase of 46.82%, as shown in table 1. Considering the same time frame, the values in percentage show an increase of 0.48% when compared to the total of deaths (from 2.54% to 3.02% - as shown in table 2). The mortality rate by age group increased: from 32.54 to 35.63 for the group aged 50 to 59 and from 41.78 to 53.63 for the group aged 60 to 69 years. The data shows the persistent increase in the mortality rate due to the disease, despite the implementation of mammographic screening. The significant reduction in mortality predicted in the literature for the age group 50 to 69 years old depends on factors such as high coverage and quality of screening, in addition to adequate treatment. Globalization and industrialization increased exposure to risk factors. The increase in life expectancy is expected to interfere with incidence and prevalence.

Conclusões

Conditions mentioned above may justify the increase in mortality. Therefore, the relevance of screening in cancer’s pre-clinical identification still justifies its indication and implantation.

Palavras Chave

Breast Neoplasms, Epidemiology, Early Detection of Cancer, Disease Prevention

Área

EPIDEMIOLOGY, RISK, AND PREVENTION - Epidemiology, risk, and prevention – other